OD Grinding & ID Grinding Fundamentals
Precision grinding of the outer surface of any cylindrical piece is called OD grinding. OD grinding operations on cylindrical pieces, are done on two different types machines. Centre or centerless type, and by two different methods of applying the work pieces to the grinding wheel. The difference in two methods is based in the method of feeding the jobs into the machine.
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Table of Contents
Centre Type Cylindrical Grinding
When the OD grinding occurs on the external surface of a workpiece between the centres is called center type cylindrical grinding. The centres are the end point that hold the workpiece at the geometric true centre, move it in a rotational direction, allow the grinding operation.
The work piece rotates around that true centre axis. At the same time, the grinding wheel is also rotated and when the two surfaces make contact, they are then moving in opposite directions.
This allows for smooth grinding while reducing the chance of the wheel and work jamming up. Movements in centre type cylindrical grinding-Traverse: Traverse is the movement of work across the wheel parallel to axle of work. The speed of movement of wheel across the work is called rate of traverse.
Infeed: Infeed is the movement of grinding wheel face in a plane perpendicular to and into the surface of job being ground. The amount of feed determines the depth of penetration of the abrasive grain into the work and depth of cut.
Read about : What is Grinding Process and Its Applications
Centre Less Type Cylindrical Grinding
When the cylindrical work piece is not supported on fixed centres but by a combination of a) work piece rest blade b) regulating wheel c) and the grinding wheel itself is called centerless grinding. Movements in centerless grinding: Traverse: In centerless type through feed cylindrical grinding traverse is the movement of work parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel and work (supported by the work rest table) between the regulating wheel and grinding wheel.
Infeed: In centerless grinding infeed is movement of the work piece into the wheel face perpendicular to the axis of grinding wheel.
ID Grinding
Precision grinding of the inside surface of the hole in a work piece is called ID grinding. Followings are the three main internal grinding methods.
a) Traverse Grinding
In traverse grinding, the wheel spindle reciprocates over the length of the bore, the component being held on its outer diameter.
b) Plunge Grinding
In plunge grinding, the component is held on the outside but the position of wheel is set to the part of component to be ground. It is fed into the component by the movement of the wheel head, at the right angles to the axis of the component.
c) Grinding the end of blind holes
FAQs about OD Grinding & ID Grinding Fundamentals
What is the difference between OD (Outer Diameter) and ID (Inner Diameter) grinding?
OD grinding refers to the precision grinding of the external surface of a cylindrical workpiece, while ID grinding involves precision grinding of the internal surface or bore of a workpiece. OD grinding can be done using centre or centerless machines, while ID grinding typically involves three main methods: traverse grinding, plunge grinding, and grinding the end of blind holes.
What are the key types of machines used in OD grinding?
There are two types of machines used for OD grinding: center type cylindrical grinders and centerless grinders. In center type grinding, the workpiece is supported between centers and rotates around its true center axis during the grinding process. In centerless grinding, the workpiece is supported by a workpiece rest blade and the regulating wheel, eliminating the need for fixed centers.
What are the main movements in ID and OD grinding operations?
In both ID and OD grinding, there are two main movements: traverse and infeed.
Infeed: The movement of the grinding wheel into the workpiece, perpendicular to the surface being ground, determining the depth of the cut. Traverse and infeed motions are applied differently depending on whether the process is center, centerless, or ID grinding.
Traverse: The movement of the workpiece or wheel parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel.
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